Technical Overview - Audio Capturing, Distribution, & Practical Tips

After you look at the two flow-charts make sure to look at:
1) two sample equipment scenarios and 2) practical tips.

Audio Capturing Process - Digital Source or Analog

Audio Distribution Process - Streaming Media via Networks

Equipment Requirements in two very different settings:
Indiana University - Variation Project
(According to Dunn & Mayer in their 1999 article)
Evangel University
(According to webdesigner May 2003)
AUDIO CAPTURING PROCESS
Audio Source Playback Equipment
Computer CD-Drive & Turntable Computer CD-Drive & Turntable
Analog to Digital Converter
Events Echo Gine PCI Sound Card Soundblaster Live PCI Sound Card
Neither school used automated noise reduction software
Digital Recorder & Encoder
3 Windows NT-based workstations
Sound Forge XP (analog)
Disc to Disc (digital)
1 Windows 2000-based workstation
MusicMatch Jukebox Pro (analog)
Easy CD Creator (digital)
Audio Files Created
2 files encoded - Wav file& MPEG-1 layer II (3.6:1compression) 1 file encode - MPEG-1 layer III MP3 (96kps)
DISTRIBUTION PROCESS
Servers
Playback Server w/IBM's VideoCharger, Real Time Protocal & Real Time Streaming Protocol
2 Archival Servers (one with ADSM software to send items to the playback server)
WebCT Server (course distribution software)
HTTP Server
Clients

60 Computers in Music Library
Sound Cards, headphones, Variations Player

All library and networked computers, authenticated with WebCT loggin & password
Sound Cards, headphones/speakers, Windows Media Player

PRACTICAL TIPS
  • Save a copy of the uncompressed audio source files to avoid future problems or having to re-encode if you must migrate to another streaming format or spped. This is essential for preservation projects, i.e. not on CDs.
  • Realize that your choice of streaming format, speed of transmission, and playback client will be largely influenced by institutional IT support and policies (Griscom, 528-529).
  • Be prepared to field questions from users related to IP filtering, remote authentication, improper installation of player software, and complaints regarding an inability to download, which they shouldn't be doing anyway. (Maple & Henderson, 192)
  • When mastering sound files before encoding, do it in the following order: 1)Equalization, 2) Compression, and finally 3) Normalization. Though you must not do all of these, if you do more than one follow this hierarchy in order to get optimum quality, meaning little chance of feedback distortion and the most information rich sound file.
  • If your institution can not afford or otherwise support streaming server technology, try using a regular http server and embed your audio file (whether formatted as an mp3, wma, au, etc.) into an html file using an Active X control.
  • When capturing audio consider your audience and whether they have low or highbandwidth capabilities. If necessary encode at 28.8 kbps for modem connections and 112 kbps for ISDN connections.

©May 2003 Jana Marion Borchardt - This is an MLS independent study project done for the School of Library and Information Management - Emporia State University Email any comments or critiques to the webmaster